Khamsa / Hand of Fatima
Meaning
The khamsa ('five') is the open right hand. For Muslims it is sometimes called the Hand of Fatima, the Prophet's daughter; for Jews the Hand of Miriam. Five also recalls the five pillars of Islam and the five books of Moses. An eye in the palm answers the evil eye directly.
Intent
It is hung in houses, cars and shops, worn as jewellery and given to newborns and brides to repel the evil eye and bring blessing. The Maghrebi phrase 'khamsa fi 'aynek' (five in your eye) is spoken against envy.
Significance
The khamsa is shared by Muslims, Jews and Christians across North Africa and the Middle East, and appears on the flag of Algeria's Kabyle Berbers and even in Israeli army insignia. Its popularity shows protective practice crossing religious boundaries.
History
Hand amulets are ancient, found in Punic Carthage and Mesopotamia. The khamsa as known today took shape in medieval Islamic North Africa and Spain, where the Hand of Fatima on the Gate of Justice of the Alhambra (1348) is famous. It flourished in 19th–20th century Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia.
Making yours
3–10 cm pierced, engraved or enamelled silver. Often symmetrical with two thumbs, and set with an eye, fish, birds or a star.Islamic World: the tradition
Islamic theology distinguishes forbidden amulets (tama'im, charms trusted in themselves) from permitted protection by God's word, so the characteristic Islamic amulet is textual: Qur'anic verses, especially the Throne Verse (2:255) and the last two suras, the Mu'awwidhatayn, along with the Ninety-Nine Names of God, magic squares (wafq) and the Seal of Solomon. Scholars such as al-Buni (d. 1225) wrote manuals of letter and number magic. The hand of Fatima and the blue eye bead came from pre-Islamic Mediterranean practice and remained hugely popular. Talismanic art reached a peak at the Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal courts in shirts, armour, bowls and seals.
Khamsa StandardIran · Qajar dynasty (1789-1925), c. early 19th century
Frieze with Geese (Hamsa)Uttar Pradesh · Late 10th century
Fatimas hand (Hamsa)Egypt · 1930
Un bon gri gri : une main de Fatma [soldats marocains tenant le talisman] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]France · 1915
Blouse of Sherpako (shamsa or shamja)Netherlands · 0
fyysinen kuvaus: Epäsäännöllisen pyöreä nahasta ommeltu amuletti, johon toiselle puolelle on kiinnitetty neljäFinland
Lampa, lamp, khamsa amulet from MoroccoMorocco
Casa de Sefarad - flickr(marctasman)
The hand of Fatima (daughter of Muhammad) surrounded by Islamic symbols and used as a good luck charm. Process print.
A Muslim pilgrim learns a lesson in piety from a brahman, Khamsa, 1597-98 CE, The MET
Amulet pendant from FinlandFinland
Ju
Festival of Muḥarram: a man carrying a pennant with the hand of Fatima at the top (?). Gouache painting on mica by an Indian artist.
Amulet pendant from FinlandFinland
Medina of Hammamet, Tunesien Januar 2015
Amulet pendant from FinlandFinland
Migyass
Amulet pendant from FinlandFinland
Photo créatif 2014
Silver necklace with a Chai Hamsa pendant, March 2024
Stickers in Haifa, April 2024
Stickers in Petah Tikva, May 2024
Dibujo de la Mano de Fátima (cropped)
Khemissa amulets
Khamsa and Divan of Khwaju Kirmani, 1438, Shiraz (Sackler, S1986.34) 3
Hamsa20 th century date QS:P571,+1950-00-00T00:00:00Z/7
Rihana
Stickers in Ashdod, September 2024
Hängsmycke18 th century date QS:P571,+1750-00-00T00:00:00Z/7
2008 Manish Arora dress with Hamsa motif
Amulet Spain Louvre OA301314 th century date QS:P571,+1350-00-00T00:00:00Z/7 -15 th century date QS:P571,+1450-00-00T00:00:00Z/7
Moroccan wedding ceremony in Salé in the beginning of the 20th centuryAt the beginning of the 20th Century
Ancien Medina, Tangier, Morocco - panoramio (9)
Buildings in caves Matmata 003
Collectie NMvWereldculturen, TM-3964-78, Versiering voor processiestuk voorstellende de hand van Abbas. Josephine Powell Collection, voor 1971
Dibujo de la Mano de Fátima
Dictionnaire des bijoux de l'Afrique (...)Eudel Paul Khamsa
Ghetto in Bolgna sign-map
Hand Of Fatima necklace
Insigne régimentaire du 1er Régiment de Tirailleurs
Jerusalem Old city (30323564041)
Khamsa main porte-bonheur algérienne
Khomasa
Main de Fatima
Morocco Hand of Fatima silver
Open hands, fragments of glazed pottery.
Pawmsa
PikiWiki Israel 41984 The Carmel Market Tel Aviv
PikiWiki Israel 6842 Nahalat Binyamin Artists Fair
Soldats marocains tenant une main de Fatma 1915
Souvenir shop - Córdoba - 01 - flickr(marctasman)
The Grave of Ofra Haza
Tunisia-3589 (8001311714)
WLANL - 23dingenvoormusea - handje van Fatima
WLANL - petertf - Handje van Fatima
WPVisualArts
חמסה Khamsa (3)
أحرام
خمسة
Ash Sarkar 2021More from Islamic World: Talismanic scrolls & sheets · Talismanic shirts & textiles · Talismanic seals & engraved stones · Maghreb & Tuareg silver
Every type in the gallery
Anything in the gallery can be made, by hand, in the prescribed metal or yours and, where the tradition names an hour, at that hour or with a plain note that it was not. Numbered. Price on commission, quoted first. I reply within one business day.